Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Baaz (may Allaah
have mercy on him) said:
Note that Allaah has commanded all people to enter Islam and
to adhere to it and to beware of whatever is contrary to it. He sent His
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to call
mankind to that. He tells us that those who follow him will be guided and
that those who turn away from him have gone astray. In many verses He warns
against the means that lead to apostasy and all forms of shirk and kufr. The
scholars (may Allaah have mercy on them) have said, when discussing
apostasy, that a Muslim may apostatize from his religion by doing many acts
that nullify Islam, which makes it permissible to shed his blood and seize
his wealth, and which will put him beyond the pale of Islam. Among the most
serious and most common of these things are ten which were mentioned by
Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhaab and other scholars (may Allaah have
mercy on them all). We will mention them in brief here, so that you and
others can beware of them, in the hope that you will be safe and sound. We
will also explain a little about them after mentioning each one.
1 – Shirk or associating others in worship with Allaah.
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Verily,
Allaah forgives not (the sin of) setting up partners (in worship) with Him,
but He forgives whom He wills, sins other than that, and whoever sets up
partners in worship with Allaah, has indeed strayed far away”
[al-Nisa’ 4:116]
“Verily, whosoever sets up partners (in worship) with
Allaah, then Allaah has forbidden Paradise to him, and the Fire will be his
abode”
[al-Maa’idah 5:72]
That includes praying to the dead, seeking their help, making
vows and offering sacrifices to them or to the jinn or to the grave.
2 – Whoever sets up intermediaries between himself and
Allaah, asks them to intercede, and puts his trust in them, is a kaafir
according to scholarly consensus.
3 – Whoever does not regard the mushrikeen as kaafirs, or
doubts that they are kaafirs, or regards their way as correct, is a kaafir.
4 – Whoever believes that anything other than the teaching of
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is more
complete than his teachings, or that the rulings of anyone else are better
than his rulings – such as those who prefer the rule of false laws to his
rulings – is a kaafir.
5 – Whoever hates any part of that which the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) brought, even if he acts in
accordance with it, is a kaafir, because Allaah says (interpretation of the
meaning):
“That is because they hate that which Allaah has sent down
(this Qur’aan and Islamic laws); so He has made their deeds fruitless”
[Muhammad 47:9]
6 – Whoever makes fun of anything in the religion of the
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), or makes fun of
any texts that refer to rewards or punishments, is a kaafir. The evidence
for that is the verse (interpretation of the meaning):
“Say: Was it at Allaah, and His Ayaat (proofs, evidences,
verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) and His Messenger that you were
mocking?
Make no excuse; you disbelieved after you had believed”
[al-Tawbah 9:65-66]
7 – Sihr (witchcraft) – including spells to turn one person
against another or to make someone love another. Whoever does this or
approves of it is a kaafir. The evidence for that is the verse
(interpretation of the meaning):
“but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such
things) till they had said, ‘We are for trial, so disbelieve not (by
learning this magic from us)’”
[al-Baqarah 2:102]
8 – Supporting the mushrikeen and helping them against the
Muslims. The evidence for that is the verse in which Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
“O you who believe! Take not the Jews and the Christians
as Awliyaa’ (friends, protectors, helpers), they are but Awliyaa’ of each
other. And if any amongst you takes them (as Awliyaa’), then surely, he is
one of them. Verily, Allaah guides not those people who are the Zaalimoon
(polytheists and wrongdoers and unjust)”
[al-Maa'idah 5:51]
9 – Whoever believes that some people are allowed to operate
outside the law of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
just as al-Khidr operated outside the law of Moosa (peace be upon him) is a
kaafir, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And whoever seeks a religion other than Islam, it will
never be accepted of him, and in the Hereafter he will be one of the losers”
[Aal ‘Imraan 3:85]
10 – Turning away from the religion of Allaah, not learning
it and not acting in accordance with it. The evidence for that is the verse
(interpretation of the meaning):
“And who does more wrong than he who is reminded of the
Ayaat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of his
Lord, then turns aside therefrom? Verily, We shall exact retribution from
the Mujrimoon (criminals, disbelievers, polytheists, sinners)”
[al-Sajdah 32:22]
With regard to all of these acts that nullify Islam, it makes
no difference whether a person is joking, serious or afraid, unless he is
forced to do it. All of them are very serious, and they all happen a great
deal. The Muslim should beware of them and fear falling into them. We seek
refuge with Allaah from the things that may incur His wrath and painful
punishment. May Allaah send blessings and peace upon the best of His
creation, Muhammad, and upon his family and companions.
The fourth category includes those who believe that the
systems and laws devised by men are better than the sharee’ah of Islam, or
equal to it; or that it is permissible to refer to them for judgements and
rulings, even if he believes that referring to sharee’ah is better; or that
the Islamic system is not fit to be applied in the twentieth century; or
that it was the cause of the Muslims’ backwardness; or that it should be
limited to a person’s relationship with his Lord and not have anything to do
with the other affairs of life
The fourth category also includes those who think that
carrying out the ruling of Allaah by cutting off the hand of the thief or
stoning the married adulterer is not appropriate in the modern age.
That also includes: everyone who believes that it is
permissible to rule according to something other than the laws of Allaah
with regard to interactions, hudood punishments or other matters, even if he
does not believe that that is better than the ruling of sharee’ah, because
by doing so he is regarding as permissible something that Allaah has
forbidden according to consensus, and everyone who regards as permissible
something that Allaah has forbidden and is well known to be forbidden in
Islam, such that no Muslim has any excuse for not knowing that it is
forbidden, such as adultery, alcohol and riba, and ruling by something other
than the sharee’ah of Allaah, is a kaafir according to the consensus of the
Muslims.
We ask Allaah to help us all to do that which pleases Him, and to guide us and all the Muslims to His Straight Path, for He is All Hearing, Ever-Responsive. May Allaah send blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.
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